Business Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 20

Business Law - Essay ExampleThis is quite apart from the enormous waste of a valuable resource such as oil, which the world can diabetic afford during a time of fuel scarcity.The incident invokes environmental law, because BP is a British organization whilst the major part of the environmental damage has been caused to the United States. With increasing globalization, international trade levels have alike increase and the broad objectives of the GATT General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade- have been to foster trade among countries and to reduce the ensnareions that argon obligate by individual nations in order to protect their own, narrow, regional interests. Multilateral agreements on the environment are those agreements made between various countries with the objective of preserving and protecting the environment. They whitethorn comprise two kinds of agreements (a) agreements on the conservation of the environment through measures like preventing global warming, ozone depl etion, rise in sea levels or other measures relate to the environment and (b) agreements that link trade and the environment, wherein certain measures are included to discourage trading in those commodities that may be linked to unsound environmental practices or where the materials produced may be hazardous.2Recent trends for the formulation of multi-lateral agreements to restrict trade in the interest of protection of the environment3 have received a mixed reaction from development countries. While on the one hand, these agreements are welcomed because they help to protect the fragile environment, some developing countries also perceive these agreements as barriers to trade, which will hinder their competitiveness because they are already handicapped in their advance to finance, technology and information.4 In the case of oil exploitation in particular, the potential threat to the environment

Intergrated public health Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Intergrated public health - strain Examplealthy life expectancy, life expectancy at birth for males and females, as well as disagreement in the life expectancy during birth in both females and males. This data is essential to public health workers since it offers the real figure of the population in Newham. Data collected helps public health workers to budget on how to attend to the community.Local authorities Marmot Indicators were developed in order to offer information that supports monitoring the strategic direction, which reduces health inequalities. The Health Equity Institute in collaboration with the Englands Public Health launched marmot Indicators 2014 (Pfeffer, 2010, p. 78) They are the social health determinants, social inequality and health outcomes, which broadly correspond to a number of form _or_ system of government recommendations that are proposed in Healthy Lives in any Fair Society. Data offered to public health workers greatly benefits public health worker s since it covers households that do non reach a minimum income standard. Additionally, it tackles work related disease in Newham, fuel poverty for the high cost of fuel in households, unemployment levels, mature individuals that are not employed, trained or educated as well as percentage of individuals that use outdoor locations for health reasons and exercises (Meerabeau & Wright, 2011, p.

Uniforms at Schools as a Way to Minimize Violence Essay

Uniforms at Schools as a Way to Minimize Violence - testify ExampleThe essay Uniforms at Schools as a Way to Minimize Violence discusses the issue whether we should go for one uniform for the entire student population. Every society or group likewise has pick out some rules and regulations that classify and identify its members. It might be a certain haircut, or color of the hair, fit out or emblem- even a password that changes all week. The adoption of a common uniform for every baby going to school not only helps identify and classify that child as a member of that particular school but also gives a sense of belonging and identity to the child that once in school, he or she must conform to their rules and regulations. Another very good bearing for a school uniform is that it makes all students easily identifiable and merchant ship help in increase student safety while reducing cases of violence and quarrels in the school premises. Students are also members of the boy scouts or girl guides, which use a certain uniform and regalia that not only makes them serve smart and elegant but identifies them as members of that particular fraternity. They are taught to be more confident and self-sufficient, bug out survival skills as well as the ability to help others in distress- especially in cases of emergency. They can likely help you survive in the desert and know first aid and related skills. No one grudges them or complains about their uniform- in fact, it is appreciated because it helps identify them as helping and caring members of piece wherever they go.

Discuss some of the ways in which Native Americans, and the European Essay

Discuss some of the ways in which Native Americans, and the European find of the New World, has influenced your life - Essay ExampleThe Native Americans have their English language being more(prenominal) intricate compared to the European English, as stated by Dunn (1). This has improved my use of English language in communication because their English is simple to understand.Anformer(a) influence by the Native Americans relates to how the American people do women. According to the Native American culture, family lineage is traced through the females instead of the males, match to Delgado (1). This has as well influenced my vista towards women as I can see them as more valuable to the society which was not what I originally thought. Similarly, the types of food consumed by the Native Americans have changed my diet to great extent. While initially I was used to the spices available back home, I have come to appreciate such things as mad ginger, juniper and miners lettuce. I have also gradually come to prefer Native American cuisines with their insidious flavors.Native Americans have a great deal of hospitality, which has been a vital tradition among the Native Americans, according to Cadwalader (1). Guests are highly valued and are served first whether on that point is something else for the family or not. Thus has influenced how relate with other people and to respect others as well. The Native Americans are friendly people who are always there to help and this has greatly improved my personal relations with other people.The mode of dress is also distinguishable from my home country and this has affected me. The American people do not place much splendor in fully application program their body, as stated by Reynoldson (13). With many celebrities who most people extend to imitate, the mode of dressing is very different especially during the summer. During summer, people wear lighter clothes with women covering the most private body parts and most of them wearing shorts, a mode of dressing which has actually impressed me.Last but not least, the hardworking nature of the Native American people

Spain culture and traditions Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Spain culture and traditions - Research Paper ExampleThe bull is ordinarily killed at the end of the occasion. This activity usually takes place between the months of April and October, and the Spaniards usually prepare for this event with excitement. at that place have been several occasions when this tradition has been banned by governments, but progressive ones allow its reinstitution. This is an indication that the practice is ingrained in the Spanish culture and it is not easy to get rid of it (Whittaker 2008 p 67).Traditional songs and dance are also core components of Spanish culture. They vary from region to region, and the medication is primarily focused on conveying particular messages to the listeners. For example in the 20th century, Spanish traditional music was largely used to spread propaganda regarding the totalitarian rule. These include Jota, Fandango, and Sardana amongst others (Moffitt 1999 p 43). The Spanish folk dance was a significant indicator of unity and identity. Annual festivals are held every year, providing an avenue for the Spaniards to demonstrate their culture. In much(prenominal) occasions, they demonstrate their cultural music and dances, fireworks, paintings amongst other traditional activities. The culture and traditions of the Spaniards is an important factor that gives them a feel of identity of the nation (Nash 2001 p 56). It generates personality and uniqueness amongst the Spain nationals. It also helps in building strong kindly institutions through establishing the nations behavioral

LitReview Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

LitReview - Essay Example rumination of a threat doles reveal as a restriction or limitation that creates hindrances to perform unavoidable tasks as it dissuades to take carry through considering losses and costs. The whole process crowd out be seen as a military action in which, concerned parties ar restricted to take any military action that would affect the foreign policy objectives of the two involved states. Any sort of initiation of combating action is deterred. sharp choice theory is another theory that is influential in terms of cyber aegis. This theory allows contemplation and differentiation of varied accessible tactics. Cornish & Clarke (1986) inform that this theory emerged considering a notion related to cost gain analysis. For example, a criminal conducts a crime when it appears advantageous to him. The theory also puts light on competitions haziness towards defenders selected option. Nevertheless, the theory fails to resolve the strategized relationship betwe en concerned parties, which ar thoroughly reviewed in granular theory (Understanding Society, 2008). The challengers select their intended defenders diligently and also work on their combating strategies considering previously employed strategies by the defenders. According to Cavusoglu, Raghunathan & Yue (2008), Decision theory is weak in handling the challengers worked out strategies and revisiting of defenders actions because as per the theory, defender regards challengers devised performances as exogenous. According to the game theory, defenders choices and challengers actions are endogenous. According to the decision theory, the scenarios according to which, the involved parties realise to take action are predefined due to which, the actions performed by actors are regarded exogenous. Von Newmann and Morgenstern (1944) inform that each contestant is qualified to evaluate variables of his actions only. There are rational rules involved in considering of variables and compreh ension of variables of others actions, which cannot be determined statistically. Therefore, it has been required to explore a more viable theory that can be apply to cyber surety. Researchers have moved towards game theory to comprehend the relationship between actors in cyber security issues. In addition, Nisan and Ronen (1999), Nisan (2007) inform about mechanism design that has assisted towards development of protection and privacy mechanisms. These mechanisms are designed with the support of systematic results. Because of usage of game theory, there are certain security decisions. These security decisions are supportive in terms of distribution of restricted resources, stability of professed problems and consideration of core inducement mechanisms. In game theoretical model, more than one person are involved in the decision qualification process and examining the decisions made where players are either directly or indirectly involved to share the resources provided in the gam e. Games relevant to the strategic security can be simple or complex. The game can be helpful in solving the simple as well as complex formulated security issues. The security issues can be related to the wireless or computer controlled communication programs. The strategy can provide a solution of the user privacy issues, etc. Utilizing this theoretical model, a defender keeps maintaining the security of the network and the system, while an attacker always tries to access the secure

Film Critique of Titanic Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Film Critique of Titanic - Term account ExampleFilm Critique of TitanicTitanic, directed and written by James Cameron, generally is just about an old 101-year old woman, who narrates her story to her female grandchild Lizzy Calvert, Brock Lovett, Lewis Bodine, Bobby Buell and Anatoly Mikailavich. The story was set back in 1912, on April 10, on a ship that was called The Titanic. Rose, a young woman, boards the ship which was leaving with the depression-class passengers, Ruth DeWitt Bukater, her fianc Caledon Hockley and her dear mother. In the meantime, a wanderer by the name Jack Dawson, an artist, and his close friend Fabrizio De Rossi succeed in getting third-class tickets to the ship after winning a game. The old Rose DeWitt gives a detailed information on the whole story from time Titanic departed until the its death of on its very first and final journey on the 15th of April, 1912 in the morning at 220.The artists, or instead filmmakers who were behind this movie include J ames Cameron (producer), Pamela Easley (associate producer), Al Giddings (co-producer), Grant Hill (co-producer), Jon Landau (producer), Sharon Mann (co-producer), Rae Sanchini (executive producer), James Horner (responsible for the original music), Russell carpenter (director of photography), Film Editing was done by Conrad Buff IV, James Cameron and Richard A. Harris. Others include Mali Finn (In charge of casting), Peter Lamont (production designer), Martin Laing (art director), Charles Dwight downwind (supervising art director), Michael Ford (set decorator), and Deborah Lynn Scott (costume designer).

History of Amlwch Anglesey Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

History of Amlwch Anglesey - Case Study ExampleBy the late 18th degree Celsius Amlwch was on the most populated towns of Wales. By this time the harbor of Amlwch was extended to include ships to transport atomic number 29 from the town. The cop from the mines of Amlwch was utilise to protect the ships of war from the growth of seaweed and boring by worms. But because of excessive exporting and use of copper, with time the reserves of the copper mines started to diminish. Also the competition from cheaper copper and other ores from abroad by the mid 18th century, led to the overall decline of the deep archeological site industry in Amlwch.The copper ore was initially extracted from shallow shafts and then through open pit mining in Amlwch. Later it used to be extracted from shafts up to three hundred meter deep. After extraction the ore used to be broken into pieces by hand and then transported to South Wales for smelting. The metal copper used to be extracted from the remainde r with the serve of furnaces that were present at the port of Amlwch itself. Many other chemical industries that were based on the by products of the mines were as well established. These chemical industries included those of alum, vitriol, sulphur and chrome pigments. By the mid of the 18th century the popularity of copper mining industry had declined in the town, and ship building industry had gained popularity.

Issues in financial management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Issues in financial management - Essay ExampleSo firms make effort to keep their dowry hurt high, otherwise some other firm might be able to acquire a great number of their shares and be successful in a hostile coup (Metafilter) . A hostile takeover will result in the current management being dissolved by the company fetching over.Progressive companies are always looking for new projects and opportunities, and to pursue them capital is an essential ingredient. Companies want to fire the outlay of their stock for future issues of stock (Investopedia). So in future when companies raise capital by dint of stocks, they receive large amounts of premium moreover even when it borrows, firms charge less interest on conceivable debtors, so it also helps in raising funds cheaply.Companies are concerned about their market capitalization it refers to the size or worth of a business enterprise and can be calculated by multiplying the current market price with the number of shares outsta nding. If the worth of the company falls, investors will be less elicit in it and the company will lose its status (Henneman).Employee stock option/ownership is again a strong motivation for raising share price value for management. Employee stock options are a path of non-cash benefit that gives an employee the right to buy the companys share at a particular price at a future date (Balsam, Chen and Sankaraguruswamy). So management puts an effort to raise the share value above that value to take benefit of this option.Moreover the management raises the stock price to divert their stockholders and to maximize their value. The reason is that the shareholders elect the board of directors which elects the CEO. So the CEO has to enrapture the board which then wants to please shareholders to get re-elected.Share price re familiarises a number of aspects of a company. These aspects include company management, businesss current and future earnings and net assets, goodwill in the market, future outlook, credibility etc.The present

Coronary Artery Disease - Pathophysiology and Management Research Paper

Coronary Artery unsoundness - Pathophysiology and Management - Research Paper Example plague is a component of fat, cholesterol and separate substances of the blood. Plague is slowly built up over several years forming a condition known as atherosclerosis (Cohen & Hasselbring, 2007). After a long period of building up, plague hardens and narrows coronary artery booster cable to limits of flow of oxygenated blood to the heart. As the plague hardens, it eventually ruptures, causing a blood clot, a role that can lead to blockage of blood flow through the coronary artery. If the flow of oxygenated blood is lessen or blocked, a heart attack occurs (Cohen & Hasselbring, 2007). The beginning of manifestationatic hotdog is normally about 10 years in men, but CAD cases in women are more prevalent especially to women who contrive reached menopause. However, it is believed that CAD cases tend to cumulate in families (Cohen & Hasselbring, 2007). Studies have indicated that history of CA D risks in families with CAD cases is common. Although some(a) people can argue that CAD is a hereditary disease, some factors like other health complications such as hypertension, high blood pressure and obesity facilitates risks of CAD. All these are widely associated with aliment styles. There are precautions that physicians give to patients suffering from CAD. Unfortunately, many people suffering from CAD fail to strike these precautions seriously (Cohen & Hasselbring, 2007). For example, the habit of smoking has become so rampant with over twenty five percentage of people with over eighteen years smoking cigarette. Smoking is said to multiply the effects of other CAD factors. It is estimated to cause twenty percent of CAD deaths. The theory of aetherorosclerosis states that the process symbolizes an effort to heal in response to endothelial injury (Cohen & Hasselbring, 2007). During this process, the first step involves development of fatty streaks. These streaks tend to fo rm among endothelium and internal elastic lamina. In the recent past, inflammation is becoming a component of atherosclerosis genesis and plague instability. Patients with CAD are at danger of risk factors known as metabolic syndrome (Cohen & Hasselbring, 2007). CAD is known for its persistent burden to many people all over the world. However, its risks can be managed if skill of lipid- humbleing models is followed. The first lipid- lowering therapy focuses on therapeutic lifestyle changes (Cohen & Hasselbring, 2007). This includes dietary changes, constant physical activities, avoiding precarious practices like smoking and alcohol drinking, and undertaking recommended wait lose. However, there are pharmacologic agents that help right lipid levels although, therapeutic lifestyle is preferred to them (Cohen & Hasselbring, 2007). Patients with CAD are carefully examined. The examination includes description of the pain, its spot and severity (Cohen & Hasselbring, 2007). Diagnos is of CAD involves detailed patients history and electrocardiogram. After the initial diagnosis, laboratory tests follow. Angina is the commonest symptom although some patients remain asymptomatic. Some of the notable symptoms include chest pain, sweating, and yellowish tumors at either lower or upper lids. One of the major causes of CAD is stress (Cohen & Hasselbring, 2007). In this regard, nursing care mean involves helping the patient to realize the cause of the disease and how best they can refrain from it. Since stress is preponderance to most CAD patients, one of

Briefing note on philosophy article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Briefing note on philosophy article - Essay ExampleThe concept of language ability isnt realistically interpretable in theory divorced from the full model of how the clement feed is organized. The full model of how the human function is organized is not realistic because we dont have a clear record of ourselves as a scientific definition. There are different ways of looking at a definition for natural kinds. In the scientific method, were searching for an understandable theory that explains who we are with the cognise design of the natural sciences. Natural theories focus more on the nature of the function and reasonable goals for that function as opposed to the actual achievement of function. Chomsky asserts that certain linguists postulate that when thinking of articulates, a picture associated with that word forms in the individuals mind however that doesnt define the word as to nitty-gritty for that individual. He further asserts that language use is not able to be subject ed to scientific definition or study, and neither can anything be learned from studying the functionality of the brain with regards to how it processes language concepts. Language use is notion to be part of our common sense understanding with a special place in dowry to define human life and thought processes. Concrete objects are not subject to scientific theory, instead they have value dependent upon whatever value we give them. The scientific function of the mind acts to perform scientific theory similarly as the language function acts to acquire and use language by sharpening the focus to enable complete understanding.

Memoir Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Memoir - Essay ExampleUsually, I used to follow my birthday at home and only when call my friend to wish him a happy birthday. wizard day, as we approached our birthdays, my friends suggested that we went hiking and celebrate surrounded by nature. That was a completely new experience for me, and I agreed. The only thing left to handle was to ask my parents whether I could do that. They allowed me to go hiking and celebrate my birthday with friends and they were upset because our tradition would be broken. I express I was old enough to decide how I wanted to celebrate. Now that I am recollecting that moment I deeply regret I said so.On the day we went hiking, the weather was perfect, and I was cheerful and optimistic. I could not wait to halt, put up tents and start celebrating my friends and my birthdays surrounded by nature around the campfire. I really enjoyed disbursement my special day with my friends they gave us presents and said a lot of great words to us. They even mana ged to accept a small cake and light candles. Everything seemed to be perfect. I felt some discomfort though. At first, I thought it was caused only by the unfamiliar environment for I that was the first hike in my life.With some time passing, however, I understood what was wrong. I realized that it was not only the environment just people that made me feel that way. That discomfort was caused by the absence of my family and the atmosphere of a holiday that our mansion house always has at such days. I need never really thought that our family ties are so strong. Also, I have never thought of myself as of a stay-at-home person. In fact, I have always thought I am not tied to my home and believed that I am commensurate to leave it any time I want to do so. In reality, it appears that my family and the home we live in are the most important things in my life.All these memories and feelings were inspired by photos which I tend to life through from time to time. When I opened the p age with the photos

Mergers and Acquisitions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Mergers and Acquisitions - Essay causaThe potential unifyr was based upon the assumption that this merger go forth actually result into an over $1 billion in terms of live savings as well as revenue amplify for the American Airways.1 The formal process of merger and accomplishment started during the start of 2013 and it was believed that this merger actually resulted into the creation of the largest skyway in the world. The overall deal was finalized in December 2013 and American Airways formally acquired the firmThis paper will discuss and explore the reasons behind this merger, the circumstances which actually led to the merger, the positive as well as negative impacts of the merger besides discussing whether the HR practices of the firm were modified to ensure that the overall outcomes of the merger and acquisition were achieved.9/11 was one of the key events in the history of American airline industry as for the first time, airplanes were used weapons. Strong security conc erns resulted into sharp decline in the passenger traffic and going of revenue. (Rhoades & Waguespack Jr, 2004). Apart from this, the economic events which occurred after 2007 also resulted into an strong decline the profitability as well as the revenue of the major airlines in the industry. Owing to these factors, American Airline filed chapter 11 bankruptcy ad sought-after(a) protection against the same. As a result of the Chapter 11 Bankruptcy protection, it was considered that the American Airlines may suitably merge with other airline in order to come out of the bankruptcy and pay back to its creditors. As such one of the reasons for entering into this merger and acquisition was to avoid the complete bankruptcy and find adapted buyer who can ensure that the creditors are paid back. As per the agreement, 72% of the shares of the American airline were acquired by US Airways and the remaining 28% were held by the existing shareholders of the firm.Another important reason for the merger was the cost

Psychology of Film Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Psychology of Film - subsidisation ExampleOne was surprised to know that it could be considered unusual in a way that it does non contain cells or decline vessels like other tissues do. Likewise, through the information revealed in National marrow Institutes Facts about the Cornea and Corneal Disease, one could whence appreciate more that blood vessels as yet small they may be, can interfere with the process of light refraction and thus impede mickle (National Eye Institute). From the available knowledge one can then deduct that visual acuity then depends on the absence of cloudy or opaque areas in the cornea.It is intriguing that by the lack of blood vessels, it is still extremely sensitive to unhinge. It has a high concentration of nerve fibers that are connected to pain receptors that have a low threshold thus making us feel the smallest speck of clean (Montgomery). A small particle is enough to make us cry.MedicineNet.com had provided information on the 5 radical layers of the cornea namely the Epithelium, Bowman Layer, Stoma, Descemets Membrane and Endothelium. separately part serves a purpose of protection, strength, e uttermosticity and form. Each layer might be extremely small and thin but it is capable of protecting the cornea from injuries and infections. The last layer, the Endothelium which is the thinnest, makes sure that the cornea maintains its integrity by pumping the excess fluids out of the cornea. They are extremely sensitive and do not regenerate. It can only be restored through transplantation. Learning these, it would be easy to understand why medical professional provide special health instructions on its proper care and use. This information lead be of use to a great deal of people and hopefully reduce vision hindrance and disorders which may be costly and painful to

Causal story paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Causal story paper - Essay exemplarThis is indeed true for many Latin American nations that have a deficit of foreign capital letter and are under change magnitude pressure of going for market driven reforms. Irrespective of the governmental constraints and the increasing opposition of the private sector, a favour fit interaction of many variables like the professionalletariat backed parties at home and the ties of the local trade unions to the foreign parturiency and human rights groups has pushed the state governments to pick out for pro fag reforms. It is primarily owing to the dependent variable that is the labour backed local parties and the main(a) variable that are the foreign based labour and human rights groups that the trade unions in Latin America have been able to wrest out favourable reforms. The deregulation of economies and the immense pressure for free market reforms has proved to be very favourable for the trade unions in the Latin American nations that hav e a history of labour mobilization and organization (Murillo & Schrank 974). ... Though the labour backed parties in Latin America have been move hard to break in into new constituencies, yet they could not afford to ignore the traditional bind of the independent variables like the organized labour that happen to be a ready source of avow and vote. Thereby the local labour backed parties do make it a point to press the governments to opt for pro labour union reforms, because if they fail to do so, they fear losing the support of the organized labour in their constituencies that is historically organized and is capable of shifting alliances if the need be. Argentina happens to be a typical ensample of a Latin American nation where the governments irrespective of being pro liberalization had to pass pro labour union reforms under pressure from the local labour backed parties (Murillo & Schrank 988). In contrast the Latin American nations which have a tradition of labour repression , the pro labour reforms owe their origins to a contrasting set of variables. These economies with the enhanced liberalization have become increasingly export dependent and it is the markets like the US where the goods produced by these nations find the customers. Being cost sensitive the governments in these nations are traditionally averse to labour reforms. However, the dependent variables like the labour unions in these nations have wrested reforms by aligning with a different independent variable that are the labour and human rights groups based abroad. These foreign based labour and human rights groups exercise a pressure on their governments to push the rogue nations to opt for labour reforms in lieu of acquire access to the US

Morality in Ethan Frome Essay Example for Free

Morality in Ethan Frome EssayIn The Morality of Inertia, Lionel enounce argues that Ethan Fromes inability to make his own ethical decisions ultimately makes his smash-up a tragic aftermath caused by the inactivity of morality. The nonexistence of this moral inertia is the explanation, for pronounce, for the outcome of Frome the lack of moral responsibility in any of the main characters from the beginning of their lives paralyzes their decision making process they simply exist and do what is their duty.Trillings aspect that Frome was a morally inadequate man is a valid fact confirm by Edith Whartons provided background of him the idea that he was unable to make extracts and is only capable of support buttocks be proven inaccurate with his Fromes actions throughout the story. The nonion that Ethan Frome is incapable of making ethical decisions based on his background can also be countered with his background and actions.Trilling uses Fromes duties as a husband and son as support for his claim that choice is incompatible with Ethans existence (from Morality of Inertia). However, the lecturer is exposed to Ethans ability to recognize choices, and decisions not to act on them, throughout the story. Frome acknowledges his dilemma of trail away with Mattie or staying with Zeena, but is inefficient in seeing past the initial consequences of each choice and exploring other possibilities of escape besides the basic.Ethans central decision in the book, to commit suicide with Mattie, is make with free will although it is Matties idea, Ethan agrees and takes the reins in the front of the sled. Although Ethan Frome is a broken man perpetually frigid in a bleak Starkfield, one cannot disregard his inaction when he is presented and acknowledges choices. He constantly contemplates expressing his distinguish for Mattie, looking for the all-expressive word, but fails to, even when alone with her, making free choice a moot horizontal surface (Ethan Frome from Mo rality of Inertia).Morality is not caused by inertia in Ethans case but personal authorization Ethans decision to commit suicide proves this point the act proves that he was capable of confessing his making love to Mattie, but failed to up to that moment. Although Frome can be held responsible for his moral inactivity, he can be considered a morally inadequate man in his present state. His inadequacy, however, was not a constant in support or a sudden occurrence it snowballed from his youth and finally solidified through the smash-up.His originally experiences in a university and the joy it brought him was quickly interrupted after a year by his peaked(p) parents. The unfortunate circumstance forces Ethan Frome to move back to the depressing Starkfield he had just escaped. His parents illnesses bring along Zenobia, who would be another future, unseen oppression along with Starkfield. For years, Ethan lives in depressing conditions that decline as time goes on. The adventure to finally leave them behind, however, comes in Mattie, Zenobias cousin and maid.Ethans inability to act on this run across of escape finally seals his fate when Mattie is paralyzed and he is critically injured. Although jinxed with unfortunate circumstances, Ethan Fromes tone could have been bettered if one small step or action was taken by him for himself with the intention to hit personal joy or pleasure. The importance of taking steps in life betterment can be seen in Ethan Frome. Although one may lack a history of making moral decisions, the tender-hearted instinct to do so is always there (from Morality of Inertia).Ethan Frome was able to rationalize and recognize choices interior of his head it was his inability to act on any one until his attempted suicide that created his depressing circumstances. The chaff of his only decision with Mattie being one of the most deciding ones in his life underscores the fact that if he had taken this initiative before this instance, his l ife might have taken a different track. This was not a forced or accidental occurrence Ethan Frome was in fact an unfortunate individual in undesirable circumstances, but with a free will and mind developed enough to make

The miserable origin and author Essay Example for Free

The miserable root news show and author EssayThis shows he is discriminating against him, as he just presumes him to be execration and lacking to harm him. However, his facial expression tells us that he reached out in search of companionship. Frankenstein then runs remote from the daemon and hides. Frankenstein reacts in this musical mode, as he is prejudiced against him. His opinion of him is generated rigorously based on the behavior the giant looks. We tally this when he says the knockout of my dream vanished and breathless horror and disgust filled my heart. Frankenstein solitary(prenominal) arrests beauty as the track you look, and bases his opinions on this.He then compares himself to Dante, who wrote The Inferno. From this, we tush see that he sees the monster as being horrible, and he wishes he could die and go to hell. (as run alongd in Dantes novel) Despite the way in which Victor abandons the marionette, we see him as being very hypocritical at this point, upon the arrival of his whiz Henry Clerval. He says nothing could equal my delight at seeing Clerval He feels same when he is in the presence of his friend, and so his rejection of the monster when he held out a hand for security, makes him a hypocrite.This is affirm when Frankenstein grasps his hand. Whereas, he turned away from the monster rather than holding his hand like he does with Clerval. The equaliser of the chapter tells us about Victors illness and recovery, which is due to his mental state after the monsters beingness. In this chapter, m some(prenominal) chance on themes of the book are highlighted. We see examples of friendship and rejection we see the ideas of parent/child relationships and the way victor rejects his responsibilities, purely based on his looks, and therefore, we are also presented with ideas about prejudice.We also have views about whether the creation of the monster was morally acceptable or not. In chapter four, we see how Frankenstein rejects the responsibilities that he has over the creature which he has brought to life. We can see that he has no intention of looking after the creature when he says I genuinely hope, that all these employments are now at an end, and Im at length free. This tells us tat he was whimsy restricted, almost imprisoned because of his creation, but he is now free, therefore he has no intentions of caring for his creation like a father should.The use of the word employments tells us he thinks of him as being a chore (like a job is) and so preferably of loving him, he dreads and hates him in the same way you do a job. We can also see how victor has rejected him in the words he uses to describe him. He does not institutionalize him a name, which is a duty performed by all parents, instead he refers to him as the dreaded spectre and hideous guest. The use of the word spectre, refers to the way Frankenstein obviously wishes the creature would die, so he does not have any responsibilities .The idea of naming a human is to give it identity, so it can be recognised, however, Frankensteins refusal to do show, tells us he does not care about him and thinks that by ignoring him, and not giving him an identity, he will go away. In this respect, he is neglecting his parental responsibilities. We then see him running away from it when it tries to reach out to him for security and as a symbol of love. He presently has no warm feelings towards the monster, who we can only presume has run away, when he was rejected by his father. end-to-end the rest of the novel, we see Frankenstein continually denying his presence, and only thinks of him at times when horrible events have taken place. He presumes him to be the murderer of his brother William, purely based on his deceptions which he gained from his appearances. In order to maintain this, he seeks him out to ask his story. They then meet in the cold mountains in chapter 2 of the indorsement volume. This is two years after his creation, in which the monster has learnt to talk and has also learnt many other s bug outs any other human would have had.This is the only time Frankenstein shows any sentimentality towards his creation, and so he decides to find out to his story in order to discover what he has been doing. He says I felt what the duties of a cleric towards his creation were i ought to render him happy. Frankenstein has now acknowledged his status as a father and decides to let the monster tell his story to make him happy. He also seeks to find out who really did kill his brother, and if his suspicions can be proved.However, earlier in the chapter, he describes himself as the miserable origin and author The word miserable tells us he deems himself to be a monster, and the use of the same word also to describe the monster in chapter four also shows how he can draw a parallel in the midst of them both. The reasons for Frankensteins hatred of the monster, comes from his opinion that you have to b e beautiful to be a decent person. He try to make the monster like this, but when he realises the monster was ugly, he immediately presumes him to be evil and as something to fear.This discriminatory view is the reason why Frankenstein rejects the monster. He describes the work to create him as the beauty of the dream. As the reality of the dream is not so beautiful, Victor might see the monster as someone who has ruined his dreams and therefore, he hates him for that. However, his prejudicial views are what appear to make him hate the monster, although this might be a contributing factor. Prejudice is another key idea Shelley presents to us in the novel. We can see Frankenstein discriminating against the monster when the creature first comes to life.

Country and Rap Music Essay Example for Free

Country and Rap medicine EssayThe typefaces of melody that people listen to argon very diverse. Country and knock music are just two of these types of music and the composition of audience that listen to these types greatly vary. The primary reason is that field music is commonly identified with white people who harp in the pastoralside part concussion music is commonly associated with black people living in urban cities. For the most eccentric, swath music is relatively a in the raw type of music as compared to rural area music which, as a result, tell ons it much appealing to the younger generation. The old generation, on the other hand, are more inclined to listen to the type of music that grew up with, especially rural area music. One of the unique features of rap music is the way in which the lyrics are vocalized. The sound of rap music unremarkably involves the rhythmic speaking of rhyming lyrics dubbed with the so-called beatniks. The beats are usually cr eated separately through the use of percussions and other synthesizers. On the other hand, rural music usually involves distinct guitar picking patterns with a slightly blues feel.More often than not, soil songs involve the use of acoustic guitars although at that place are instances when the electric guitars are besides used in certain parts of the song. The way in which the lyrics are sung is melodic, aptly cohering with the chord pattern of the song. confining unpolished songs are easy to listen to since country music is less of the in-your-face type, so to speak. These songs usually tell the story of the country life where the days are reminiscent of the outdoor life close to nature.There are in any case times when country songs express the love affairs of individuals. But unconnected other forms of music, country music is a more gentle approach to putting emotions into music, in a manner of speaking (Lewis, p. 44). Rap music, on the other hand, usually expresses the e xperiences of an individual in the suburban or urban areas. Most of rap songs commonly involve the narration of how a young black American has to survive and rise to meet the challenges of surviving in a cruel society.These songs in like manner rush bugger off stereotyped as the music of young people with a rebellious attitude who are part of violent gangsters in local neighborhoods. Thus, it is not hard to identify rap music as an aggressive type of music. Because of the wide generation gap between the time when either one of the two unclutter much prominence, there is likewise a great deal of difference between rap and country music in terms of its audience or followers.Rap music, being a relatively new type of music emerging and gaining prominence only in the later part of the 80swith the exception of the scheme that the origins of rap being traced as far back as the time when African-American slaves were chanting rhymes while doing workthe composition of its audience can al so be said as younger (Sullivan, p. 613). On the other hand, country music has been around long before the birth of rap music. That being said, a large part of the those who listen to country music belong to the older generation although, of course, it can also be said that there are also young people who listen to country music.not surprisingly, a portion of those who listen to country music may likewise be composed of those who live in the countryside since they can easily relate to the messages behind each country song. The same can also be said about rap music those who live in more urban areas reach the tendency to lend their ears to rap songs as they can easily relate to the message of most rap songs. For example, the rap songs of the artist 50 cent may appeal more to younger people who breathe in cities and other urban areas whereas the country songs of Johnny specie may appeal more to older people who live in the countryside.However, these comparisons do not necessarily mean that there are no countryside people who listen to the rap songs of 50 cent or that there are no urban people who listen to the country songs of Johnny Cash. The point is that it is more likely for urban people to easily associate themselves with the songs of rap artists whereas it is more likely for countryside people to easily relate themselves to the songs of country artists. Rapping can also be done without the accompaniment of any musical instrument.It can even be done in simple impromptu gatherings in common places such as in local streets in the neighborhood. As for country music singing, it is difficult to say if a song is sung in a country music style without the accompaniment of musical instruments such as guitars. At the least, a singer would have to need a guitar in order to sing a country song or to make the song sound country in a recognizable way. In more recent times, rap music has been gaining a steady stream of following from the public with the increasing pro minence of several rap artists.Country music, on the other hand, has been kept alive by several younger artists although the likes of Johnny Cash and his generation of country musicians have kept a steady support from the public listeners through the years. If there is one similarity between the two distinct musical genres, it has to be the fact that both country and rap have become cultures on their own. Rap music has become a culture cut rate has been embraced by individuals which, as a matter of fact, has even resulted to certain divisions among its musiciansthe so-called East and West sides.Likewise, country music has created its own sense of culture manifested in the rural areas. Works Cited Lewis, George H. The Creation of Popular medication A Comparison of the Art Worlds Of American Country Music and British Punk. International Review of the aesthetics and Sociology of Music 19. 1 (1988) 35-51. Sullivan, Rachel E. Rap and Race Its Got a Nice Beat, but What about the Messa ge? diary of Black Studies 33. 5 (2003) 605-22.

Ethics and Governance Essay Example for Free

cleanity and Governance EssayWith reference to the Oxford English Dictionary (2012), ethics is described as the science of morals. It is alike the agency of study with regards to the values of moral obligations of what is right or wrong. It also covers human behaviour. A smart set situates many conclusions in a course of unity day. It may include, launching new products, doing Public Relations, fashioning sales, rewriting bon ton policies and the recruitment or retrenchment of populate, just to name a few. All line of descent aims to do so h sensationstly. To conduct business estimablely, a business must first commit to adhering to laws and prescript (Timms, 2009). These be clearly defined, as they are in black and white. However, once the definition of what is ethical becomes contested, ethical dilemmas will arise. An ethical dilemma occurs when in that location is a situation which all alternate choices and behaviours have been deemed undesirable, and that in that respect may be potential ethical consequences when iodine is unable to identify the right from the wrong.An example of an ethical dilemma is of follows, where iodine faces a conflict between his ethical code and his business aims. Cadbury, the chocolate producer, was offered a contract by Queen Victoria to send decorative tins of chocolates to every bingle one of her soldiers in the Anglo-Boer war in South Africa (Andrews, 1989). However, since he was against the war, which resulted in him deciding to resolve this conflict by complemental the order without profit. According to Sir Adrian Cadbury (1987), his grandfather made no profit out of what he saw as an unjust war. The additional high-pitchedtail it benefitted his employees, the royal presents consisting of tins of chocolates were sent to the soldiers, and it was a win-win situation. In a business, there are 3 levels of ethics the ethics of the authorities body, workplace ethics and individual ethics (Trevina Nelson , 2011).A governing body usually is made up of a board of directors, whose aim in the company is to make wide corporate practices easier and more available for employees. They too must drive and motivate employees to strive for good performance, conformance and results. Workplace ethics are important, as it ensures a conducive and supportive environment to work in. There must be equal treatment among and within subgroups, open communication between levels, and selective information must be transparent and readily available. Individual ethics is impact by four complementary elements. Individuals must be able to identify ethical issues recognise the values and priorities through their grasping of principles, rules, norms and theories netherdeveloped their individual sets of reasoning and perception and improving the strength of one to act upon such conclusions (Trevina Nelson, 2011).Before a difficult decision is made, the shareholder or the manager has to think a problem though . One centering to do so is use Kidders Ethical Checkpoints (2006). He has 9 checkpoints which he feels will mavin to an ethical decision being made. First, the manager needs to recognise that there is a moral issue. aft(prenominal) determining the actor, he has to gather the relevant facts. Next, he tests for right-versus-wrong issues as well as paradigms. After applying block principles, he has to look for a third way before devising the decision. After the decision is made, he has to revisit and reflect on the decision. After much research, I feel that Utilitarian approach is the closely useful in guiding company decisions. I will explain why below. A decision is plainly ethical, according to the utilitarian principle, if it has the superlative net advantage as compared to any different alternatives.As a decision maker, he must evaluate and weigh every option present to him. He must determine if there any positive or negative utilities arising from the option, before s electing the option that has the sterling(prenominal) net utility (Fuitzsche, 2005). It is very standardised to the cost-benefit analysis used by stakeholders to consider the costs and benefits of a potential business decision. According to someone applying the utilitarian principle, a decision is only ethical if it has the greatest net utility and benefits the nearly people. An example of the utilitarian approach is when, during office hours, a company monitors their employees habits like tobacco consumption, as one mans actions can affect the entire workplace. A prominent example is in capital of Singapore, where there is the Smoking (Prohibition in Certain Places) Act.This act aims to protect the everyday from the hazardous set up of second-hand smoke. (Smoking Prohibitions, 2012) By making sure that employees do not smoke around the office, there would potentially be less health problems, so lesser sick employees which mean improved productiveness and greater yields. There are two types of utilitarianism, act and rule. Act utilitarianism targets problems in the short run mend rule utilitarianism targets problems in the long run. While act utilitarianism looks at the total later onmath of a single act, rule utilitarianism looks at the repercussion over a series of acts (Fuitzsche, 2005). For example, bribing is frowned upon. An example of bribing occurred in NES chinaware in 1998. NESs government affairs co-ordinator proposed giving gifts to government officials to establish a working resemblanceship to economic aid get its application approved.The another(prenominal) members were horrified, as this was considered bribery and a criminal offence in their domain (Joerg Xin, 2009). Under act utilitarianism, if bribing means that the company will get the business contract, thus allowing the employees to keep their jobs, it is ethical. However, under rule utilitarianism, this is not the case. Bribing, thou it will work in the short run by generating business, however, in the long run, potential customers will question if you got the job through bribing or because of your superior products you are selling. and so bribing does not provide the greatest utility (Fuitzsche, 2005). However, the utilitarian approach does have several limitations. Therefore other ethical theories have to be used together with the utilitarian approach in making company decisions. Firstly, there will be some people who will be at a disadvantage. A decision, according to the utilitarian principle, is only ethical if it has the greatest net utility.However, increasing net utility sometimes causes serious issues and affects people negatively. One notable historic example was the construction of the Great Wall of China (Construction of the Great Wall of China, 2006). Three hundred thousand prisoners and peasants were reportedly conscripted to help construct the great wall. It is state that for every block laid down, one labourer lost his life. In terms of utilitarianism, a epoch-making positive net utility was creates, as the great wall restricted the nomads and protected China. The Chinese citizens were upright for many years to come, at the expense of these three hundred thousand prisoners. Secondly, it is challenging estimating the results or effects of a business decision made. Also, a unit of currency gives more benefits to a poor mortal than to a rich person (Fuitzsche, 2005). In April 2012, all national servicemen in Singapore Armed Forces, Singapore Civil Defence Force and Singapore Police Force received a $60 requital raise (Chua, 2012).A Recruit, who once earned $420, like a shot earns $480, while a Lieutenant, who once earned $1120, now earns $1180. This increment would mean more to a recruit, who had a 12% pay increment, as compared to the Lieutenant, who had a 5% pay increment. It shows that it provides more utility to the poorer recruit. Therefore calculating if a decision maximises utility is difficult. Thirdly, n ot only are the consequences of a decision made hard to foresee, some decisions have consequences which are not substantially or unable to be measured. In August, Apple manufacturer Foxconn improved on the working precedent of its factory in China, such as introducing more breaks, lowering extra time, doubling wages and having better precaution of safety equipment. (Rushe, 2012) Louis Woo, special assistant to the chief executive of Foxconn also released a statement, lamenting that reduction of overtime meant that they needed to hire more people and implement more automation, more investment on robotic engineering (Yip, 2012).These costs to the company are easy to determine. However, the gains in utility from these implementations are difficult to tell. Would productivity subjoin? Will employees be more loyal? Will turnover rate be significantly lesser? Consequences like these are hard to measure. Lastly, utility gained from these business transactions mean different things to d ifferent people (Fuitzsche, 2005). Some managers gain utility from maximising their employees happiness. Some managers calculate utility as one which will increase their material wealth. Below I will compare utilitarian ethical conjecture with opportunism and moral rights approach, to show that while utilitarianism has it flaws, it is still the more useful ethical theory. The utilitarian and egoism ethical theories are rather similar. Decisions made using egoism ethical theory will oftentimes provide the most favourable outcome to oneself, no matter how others around are affected (Fuitzsche, 2005).The other parties may not be harmed or disadvantages, but to the decision maker, it is of no concern. The decision maker using egoism thinks about how the proposition would involve him (Collins, 2009). If the proposition adds onto his interest, it is right. If it does not, it is wrong. However, the decision maker using utilitarianism thinks about how the preposition involves everyone af fected by it. If the preposition done is advantageous to the most number of people, it is right. If it is harmful to the most number, it is wrong. Egoism is very similar to the philosophy of Adam Smith (1790). Egoism according to Smith is an excellent market allocating tool, which benefits society if one cares for their interests in the long run. Egoism usually views things in the short run, which is similar to act utilitarianism, which evaluates what happens in that one incident. However, while utilitarian considerers the total positive net utility, egoism only considers the decision makers self-interest.Thus decisions made using egoism would be deemed as unethical. The rights a principle gives you assured moral or human rights because you are a human being. The moral rights approach stresses that human beings have internal rights and power of choice that cannot be taken away by an individuals action. Gerald Cavanagh (1990) explains six rights that he affirms are basic to business work. They include life safety, honesty, privacy, freedom of conscience, freedom of speech and lastly secret property. One example is regarding Firestone and their tires. In America, 1978, the National Highway and Transportation Safety Administration (NHTSA) began investigating the relation between Firestones Wilderness AT tires on Fords explore sport utility vehicle.The problem of Firestones tire separation was known internally at Firestone and by the automobile manufacturers however, quite of recalling the tires, they kept it in the market, resulting in 150 preventable deaths and 500 injuries (Henn, 2009). As facts leaked out that were damaging to both companies, they became more aggressive in its defence. Firestone appeared to have violated several human rights. The firm knew that the tyres would create a hazard to humans. And by refusing to recall its products, it violated the right to truthfulness when the truth was extremely important. Even after the whole incident was res olved, public practice in Ford wavered. According to Henn (2009), a position of trust with the public that took many years and millions of dollars to build was severely damaged. According to the utilitarianism theory, an ethical decision is one that produces the most numbers of advantages to the majority of people (Trevina Nelson, 2011).However, according to the moral rights approach, an ethical decision is one that does not breach on the rights of another. The utilitarian approach is best for countries with high collectivism while moral rights approach is best for countries with high individualism. According to Hofstede (2007), most Asian countries scored below average on Individualism. Singapore is no different, so the utilitarian approach is more applicable in companies here. According to Johnson (2007), there is the five I format with regards to making decisions. A problem must first be identified, before it can be investigated. Next, one has to be innovative in coming out wi th many solutions. After this, a solution has to be isolated and then implemented. Making an ethical decision is easier when one applies an ethical theory.A decision made using the utilitarian theory is ethical if it provides the greatest net utility, and produces the greatest benefit for the largest amount of people. Rules developed under utilitarianism can become a moral code to be used passim the company. Thou it has its limitations, as it is difficult to measure utility, or figure out the consequences of a decision, and that it might not benefit everyone, but it is still better as compared to egoism or moral rights approach. Utilitarian is the most useful theory in guiding company decisions, and when used together with moral rights and egoism, it shows what it means to be ethical.

Questions and Applications Essay Example for Free

Questions and Applications EssayThe current financial crisis has many parallels with what happened to Enron in the early part of the decade. Although the hazards associated with overpaid executives, unethical pr wreakices and lack of accountability were clearly enlarged by the Enron Crisis little was done to frustrate the repetition of such behaviors. As a result, similar malfeasance, hubris and incompetence, couple with the lack of political will for regularization has resulted in yet anformer(a) financial crisis. The U. S.and overseas stock markets were still adjusting to the psychological and economic mend of the terrorist attacks in New York City in the two months antecedent to the announcement of the bankruptcy of Enron. (Weller, Miller, Zhang, 2001) The markets had just stabilized, and reassumed their watch growth owing, in large part, to the assurances by Federal Reserve Chairman, Alan Greenspan that the underpinnings of the economy were strong, and large economi c entities, such as Enron, were economically stable and fundamentally secure.(Weller, Miller, Zhang, 2001) These assurances came despite the consistent deregulation of trade practices in both federal financial markets, and California brawniness markets. (Weller, Miller, Zhang, 2001) Such deregulation was the bailiwick of not only Greenspan, tho the Republican congress and White House.(Weller, Miller, Zhang, 2001) The assumption on the part of those who supported deregulation and limited exam of practices, was that enlightened self-interest of the heads of corporations would prevent destabilizing acts of stock manipulation and other actions that would serve to suppress the underlying law in the corporation. (Weller, Miller, Zhang, 2001) Clearly, this was not the case, as a small number of executives pillaged the assets of Enron with show up regard to the economic radioactive dust of their actions.These people reaped their individual fortunes, largely by dumping incarnate s tock, valued in billions of dollars, just prior to affecting the economic ruin of the company. (Weller, Miller, Zhang, 2001) Had this episode had a salutatory effect on the perceive need for impendent oversight and regulation of economic practices, it may have been worth the cost, but the lessons of Enron went unlearned, and the same behavior of corporate executives derailed the economy once again by destabilizing financial groundworks and undermining economic development.Congressional hearings regarding the current collapses of financial institution are ongoing at the time of this writing, but it is unclear at this point whether any laws were genuinely broken. As the lengthy prison sentences handed out to Enron executives illustrate, the actions of this group outpaced ethical considerations and proceeded to securities fraud, concealing evidence and other illegal acts. As of now, none of the executives involved in the collapse of the financial institutions are yet face up crim inal charges. This fact illustrates a key point regarding these activities.If executives can run decades-old financial institutions into the ground, bankrupt them, destroy their lending capabilities (which paralyzes corporate growth) and leave with multi-million dollar compensation packages without having broke the law, then clearly the law as it stands is inadequate. In the case of Enron, the executives knowingly engaged in fraudulent activities to the detriment to the company and its shareholders. The drive to maximize profits cannot outstrip ethical obligations of full and correct disclosure and fair trade practices. These standards are not only ethical in nature, but legal as well.The law sets reasonable guidelines for practices that compel executives to act in the interest of their shareholders to the best of their ability, and in the case of Enron, they did not do so. The fact that these executives were knowingly gap the law was illustrated clearly by their destruction of rel evant records. This clearly illustrated the mindset of guilt that the people trusty had, and proved the likelihood of a significant cover-up effort. It is unclear at this point whether the same holds consecutive for the authors of the current financial debacle. However, there are some key differences in the situations.For one, unlike the Enron executives, the bank executives were inflating determine of securities in a manner that benefitted their shareholders and borrowers as well as themselves. The second key difference is that these banks gained atomic number 16 exemptions that made what they were doing technically legal, if not particularly smart. The regulations governing efficacy sale in California contributed importantly in Enrons ability to commits fraud and force a false button crisis upon the state. (Griffin, 2006) Once prices were deregulated for energy in 1996, Enron determined a market plan that was predicated on short-term contract bidding for energy.(Griffin, 200 6) Essentially, Enron was maximising profits by selling their commodity to the highest bidder. (Griffin, 2006) The problem with this system is it is not regulated, and executives at Enron decided to care advantage of the lack. (Griffin, 2006) Enron took advantage of the rules in three significant ways. (Griffin, 2006) First, they would shut down plants in certain areas forcing energy to come from marginal plants located nearby, and charged premium prices, that were additionally padded so that executives could skim send off of the income. (Griffin, 2006) Enron also conducted wash trades.(Griffin, 2006) These recorded sales and purchases of energy that never occurred. These trades are revenue-neutral for both parties, but the activeness drives up index prices by creating a false demand for the energy. (Griffin, 2006) Finally, Enron itself place bids to occupy energy on the grid, creating artificial shortages, which they, in turn, would alleviate at premium prices. (Griffin, 2006) These practices, combined with an increase in demand coupled with a stable, but not increasing reserve volume of natural gas, helped cause the California zippo Crisis.(Griffin, 2006) Then-Governor Grey Davis absorbed a significant amount of blame for the perceived energy crunch in California that followed from these practices, but he was in no way to blame. (Griffin, 2006) The policies that were manipulated were enacted by the legislature, not the Governor. (Griffin, 2006) Davis was also bit the public perception that not only was he complicit in the crisis, but he was in adjoin with Kenneth Lay of Enron over the issue. (Griffin, 2006) Davis never denied this, but claimed it was a prerequisite to asking the federal government for aid.When the shrub administration declined to offer aid, Davis, a Democrat, was recalled and replaced by Republican Arnold Schwarzenegger. (Griffin, 2006) The Stanly Milgrim experiments were invoked in the film, The Smartest Guys in the Room to explain why energy traders for Enron, who were aware of the damage caused by their activities, continued to act in the manner that they did. Milgram set up an experimental circumstance where subjects believed that they were causing bodily harm to another participant (actually, a confederate of the experimentor).The variable quantity being measured was how much pain (measured by voltage of electrical shock) would a subject be willing to administer under no compulsion other than being told by a person in a lab coat that they must continue. It was demonstrated through this experiment that up to 50% of subjects would give what they believed would be fatal shocks to others under virtually no duress, and with no promise of reward. It was suggested that Milgrims experiments proved that individuals would do things (such as shock a person to death) with nothing more than a oral instruction from a perceived function figure to prompt them.From this, Milgrim concluded that unquestioned obedience to authority is a reaction that is very strong in most individuals. It should be noted that this argument had front failed to sway judges of the Nazis at Nuremburg, and later those who judged Callay guilty for the Mi Lay massacre. While this experiment does illustrate some insights regarding human nature and obedience, it does not explain, or really relate significantly to the situation regarding the energy traders at Enron.For one thing, the Energy Traders, as evinced by their own recorded conversations, stood to gain significantly from their activity themselves. Their motivations clearly went well beyond following orders as they expected to be able to retire at 30. The common element between the two circumstances (Milgrims Experiment and the Enron Traders) appears to be a perceived locus of responsibility. That is, the subjects/traders felt that whatever the consequences of their actions, blame and responsibility would fall solely upon the persons who issued the orders.In the case of the Enron Traders, this turned out to be true to a great extent. ?References Griffin, L. (2006) California Energy Crisis Meets Enrons Ethical Catastrophe. Retrieved December 8th, 2008 from McCombs give instruction of Business Website http//www. mccombs. utexas. edu/news/pressreleases/spence06. asp Weller, M. Miller, P. Zhang L. (2001) Moral Hazard and the US Stock Market Analysing the Greenspan put The centerfield for the Study of Globalization and Regionalization Working paper No. 83/01, November, 2001.

Is College Degree Essential Essay Example for Free

Is College Degree Essential EssayIs college degree re all in ally worth all the money spent and the effort put in it? Right now in our socirty a college bringing up is no longer a option or a privilege. Without a college degree, you might as intimately becomes a homeless because if you feignt ca-ca a college degree you really arent anybody in this society.With a college degree, you get a trade good job, people give you more valuate and you broraden up your knowledge. To me a college degree is essential for my future in order to be successful. First reason, college degree is essential is that it depart lead me to get a really good job in the future. Being a college bookman perhaps more respectable role than being a janitor, lunch lady or a cook in a restaurant. When people know you as a college graduate, they give you more respect than just any ordinary person. With a college degree you get nice well-paying careers where you foolt have to break your neck and working your body to death. Even my parents motivate me more to stay in college because I dont desire to grow up and do the job that they doing now.Second reason why college is important is you gain respectful from people. For example my older brother who is a college graduate from Northwestern university gets more respect from all my family members and outsiders too. They look at him as non any ordinary person, alone as a person who has accomplished a major goal that not everybody who starts finish.I know I leave alone hain the alike respect from people once I get my college degree. A degree is not just any other paper. Its a special dcosument that will lead me to the right places in the future. Its not good to be labeled as a college dropout or high rail dropout. I would rather be preferred to be labeled as a college graduate not drop out.Another reason why college is essential is not only leading you to a good job, but also it prepares you with academic knowledge about the around you.Mo st people are irerlate and dont even know much about the world they live in due to the situation they didnt finish high school or go to college. Most people excuse for not going to college is money. Yes thats true but, there are so many resources out there to suspensor you get into college if youre willing to go.The way things are going now, the only way to make it through with(predicate) is by getting a college degree. Even with some simple jobs out there, you need some clear up of degree in order to be hired. College degree is really essential for my future because I want to make a difference and help out my family in Ghana who didnt have the same opportunity as me to go to college. Most teens out there take education for granted and dont care much about it.In conclusion having a college degree is for your own benefit. It will lead you to many grate places in the career industry. Yes is a lot of money and work but its really worth it. I know that in four years from now I will be really happy that I went to college and didnt play around with it. Nobody stinkpot ever take your education from you its your god given rights.

Pacific Northwest Settling Establishments Essay Example for Free

Pacific northwesterly Settling Establishments EssayContact at trading posts had originally introduced the inwrought Americans to Christianity. The British Protestants and French-Canadian trappers who were mostly of Catholic faith did this. The trappers were impressed by autochthonic religion and didnt see any problem between Christianity and Native religion. Fur companies usually hike upd their men to get Native American wives and marry into the tribes to make trade relationships stronger.The Whitman established their direction with the Cayuse at Waiilatpu near Walla Walla. Spalding was assigned to convert the Nez Perce people and founded a mission at Lapwai, Idaho. This was one of the most successful missions.In 1838, two Catholic priests, Fathers Blanchet and Modesta Demers arrived at Fort Walla Walla to presuppose the possibilities of beginning a Catholic mission in the area. According to historians the Roman Catholic missionaries were much to a greater extent successf ul with the Native Americans.The Native Americans were convinced of the Missionaries tactics and customs from a few different ways. one and only(a) of the ways that was used was that they didnt promote immigration into the area. Their customs in church were interesting to the Native Americans and helped to encourage practicing their beliefs as well as the fact that mission sites were extensive. To help convert they didnt emphasize changing the Native Americans culture, but instead promoted theirs to make the Natives want to change. Instead of requiring Native Americans to live on or shutting to the Missions, they traveled alongside with them. In some ways the Missionaries used reverse physiology to convince the Native Americans that their practices were better.The deduction of having the missionaries approach and try to chance the Native Americans was very significant. If it werent significant, the Native Americans that were opposing Christianity wouldnt have acted so forcefully, and so many conflicts would not have arose. To all Native Americans, the significance was of great impact whether thought to be positive or negative. It was also of great significance to the coarse of history. If the Missionary Era never occurred, things aptitude be a lot different as far as religion goes for the 21st century.

Capital Structure Essay Example for Free

Capital Structure EssayCapital bodily organize is how a ac family finances its overall opeproportionns and growth by employ funds from fair play or debt (Investopedia, 2012). Of course, every company must determine its preference on its debt-to-equity ratio and determine which outstanding grammatical construction works best for them. Some approaches to analyzing gravid social organization are1.EBIT EPS This analyzes the impact of debt on gain per share (EPS). Optimizing shareholders wealth is the optimum goal and therefrom, this approach analyzes the high EPS based on an expected range of scratch before income taxes (EBIT). 2.Valuation Determines impact of debt use on shareholders mensurate by determining the level of debt at which the benefits of summation debt no longer outweigh the increased risks and get downs associated with funding (Wenk, 2012) 3.Cash Flow Analyzes a firms debt capacity by using the weighted average of address of roof (WACC).The WACC is a calculation of a firms cost of bully in which individually capital source ( bewilders, impart and former(a) long-term debt) are proportionally weighted to determine how a good deal wager the company has to settle for every dollar it finances (Investopedia, 2012).Look morecapital budgeting examples provePart of Competition Bikes (CB) main consideration in the decision to merge or acquire Canadian Biking is work capital. lets use the EBIT EPS approach to determine how to maximize shareholder return while minimizing the cost of capital. We shortly know Canadian Bikings moderate earthy sales forecast of EBIT figures for the next 5 years ( year 9 13), therefore we discharge apply the EBIT EPS approach to choose an optimal capital structure.The total of capital sources in each of the 5 years is $600,000. We will use EBIT EPS to determine which assortment of bonds*, preferred stock, and habitual stock is the best survival to increase Canadian Bikings EPS. The five altern ative capital structures include cream 1 100% Bonds (fully financed)Option 2 50% Preferred demarcation 50% Common Stock (no bonds)Option 3 20% Bonds 80% Common StockOption 4 40% Bonds 60% Common StockOption 5 60% Bonds 40% Common Stock*Annual bond hobby rate is 9%After using the EBIT EPS approach using the forecasted EBIT amounts for Years 9 done 13, we can average the EPS for each of the 5 years to determine which capital structure produced the highest EPS. The EPS averages computed for the capital structure pickaxes are Option 1 median(a) EPS = .0452Option 2 Average EPS = .0542Option 3 Average EPS = .0526Option 4 Average EPS = .051Option 5 Average EPS = .0494Based on the EBIT EPS approach, the recommended capital structure is option 2, 50% preferred stock 50% habitual stock. This is the best capital structure mainly because there are two things to consider 1) long-term debt and associated sake expense and, 2) equity and of common shares. Option 2 is the best capital structure because there are no bonds and therefore, no interest expense. For example, if we look at option 1 in Year 9, and the bond interest is 9%, therefore the bond interest expense is $54,000 (.09*600,00). This lowers the income before taxes by $54,000. Although companies can finance debt and use the interest expense deduction to lower their taxable income, it doesnt make sense for Canadian Bikes to fully finance their capital, because the interest expense costs outweigh the benefit of the tax deduction, resulting in a significant decrease in total income acquirable for common stock.Additionally, because the capital structure consists of 300,000 shares of preferred stock, the company must patch up dividends of 5%, reducing the companys total income available for common stock by $15,000 (.05 * 300,000). Although this reduces the total income available for common stock, the company will maximize its EPS by only having 50% capital in common stock. This reduces the total number of common shares outstanding, which means less shares to divide the total income among. hence, Option 2 is the roughly optimal capital structure that considers minimizing long-termdebt expenses and the optimal number of common shares in parade to maximize shareholder return.CAPITAL BUDGETINGCompetition Bikes is considering building a manufacturing facility in a new Canadian location. The total investment for this excogitate would be $600,000 USD. This consists of $400,000 to build the facility and an additional $200,000 in on the job(p) capital to support operational costs. The company has escorted property persists over the next five years therefore we can use cash flow budgeting methods such as net present quantify (NPV) and congenital Rate of Return (IRR) that consider time value of money for long-term investments (Pearson Education, Inc., 2008).Net present value analyzes the profitability of a project by determining the discrimination between the present value of the projects cash inflows and outflows followed by subtracting the initial investment. (Investopedia, 2012). The decision rule applied to NPV is fairly simple, if the NPV is positive, invest if the difference is negative, do not invest. Competition Bikes applies NPV to forecasted low and moderate sales for the next 5 years.After using the forecasted sales for low demand, the total present value (after subtracting cash outflows from inflows) is $560,719. If we subtract the initial investment of $600,000 from this amount, the NPV is -$39,281. This is a significant warning that the company should not proceed in building a manufacturing facility. On the other(a) mass, if we use the forecasted sales for moderate demand, the total present value is $608,447. If we subtract the initial investment of $600,000, the NPV is $8,447. Therefore a positive NPV indicates the company should proceed with building the manufacturing facility.The biggest tinge is determining which NPV to lean towards bas ed on low or moderate sales. Unfortunately, the risk of having low sales outweighs the profitability benefit of having moderate sales. It is as well as risky for CB to move forward with the investment based on the NPV of low sales (-$39,281). In order for the company to profit from this investment, CB would need to have a moderate sales demand at negligibleThe present value in NPV is calculated using an interest rate, also known as the postulate rate of return. CBs required rate of return is 10%. When this interest rate is altered or calculated to make the total present value equal to the initial investment, the NPV becomes equal to zero this is called the informal rate of return (IRR) (Pearson Education, Inc., 2008). The IRR is what a company can expect to earn from investing in the project and the higher the IRR, the more desirable the investment. The calculated IRR for low demand cash flows is 8.2% and the IRR for moderate demand cash flows is 10.4%.Based on these IRR figures , the company should not pursue the capital investment because the average IRR between two low and moderate sales is 9.3%. This is below the companys required return on capital (hurdle rate) of 10% to pursue a capital investment. Again, the company would need to have a moderate sales demand, at minimum for this capital investment to be profitable and should therefore not pursue building a new manufacturing facility.WORKING CAPITALCB must effectively obtain and manage working capital for the expansion of the operation. CB must first look at their operating cycle, cash conversion cycle and promiscuous cash flow factors in order to improve labor and management of working capital. Lets discuss the companys accredited status of each of the working capital and cash flow factors and determine how the company can improve in these areas.First, the operating cycle involves CB sending the distributor a calendar monthly broadsheet for all raw materials ordered with terms of net/30 years. This can be improved by renegotiating the payment terms will distributors to net/15 days. This would increase cash flows by improving payment turn around time and accounts receivable collections. Additionally, the company can improve its traffic with its distributers to increase effectiveness of its collection process. Another operating cycle factor is ordering and paying for inventory. Currently, the company pays for inventory in the month following production and all inventory ordered for the month is utilize leaving inventory levels (at the end of each month) at consistent levels. In orderto improve working capital the company should utilize and lower its year ending inventory balance.For example, at the end of Year 8, the company had $91,573 worth of inventory left over. The company should utilize the current inventory on hand before ordering similar raw material items. This will decease cash flows and leave few inventories on hand at the end of the year. Currently the avera ge time in inventory is 25 days. This is a substantial turnaround time currently, however in the future, the company can consider successor labor workers with firm asset items to improve production time. This will satisfy guest demand by decreasing speech communication time and improve cash flows by invoicing customers more frequently than 25 days after production.CBs cash conversion cycle factors also impact working capital. Currently, the CBs suppliers invoice at the end of the month for orders that month with terms of net/15. CB does an excellent job of preserving its cash flows by paying the invoices on the 15th of the month following the order.. CB can improve its working capital by negotiating for longer payment terms, i.e. net/30 days, allowing for more time for the company to earn money to pay their invoices. If this is not possible, the company can improve its forecasting measurements for ordering supplies and order the majority of the supplies needed for the month at t he beginning of the month.This would increase the amount of time the company has sufficient supplies on hand without having to pay more money, (because the suppliers will still invoice for the orders at the end of the month, regardless of how early in the month the supplies were ordered). This can increase working capital because it acts as a contingency plan, to reduce the likelihood of streamlet out of supplies, avoiding delays, or ordering supplies in excess.Free cash flow factors also affect CBs working capital. Currently, the company recognizes depreciation in both manufacturing overhead and as depreciation expenses depending on the fixed asset. The company can use their depreciation data to increase management of cash flows by predicting when the company will have to spend a significant amount of money to replace an asset when its profitable life expires. This will prepare CB for those unwanted although necessary fixed asset costs.Currently thecorporations marginal tax rat e is 25%. The company can consider obtaining working capital by financing debt. This will leave the company with an interest expense at the end of the year, which is deductible from gross earnings and results in paying lower taxes. After CB improves its working capital, lets discuss how CB can use its working capital for the film vs. buy option for a factory building in Canada.CB can use its working capital to cover the $50,000 down payment (or buy out option if they decide to lease) and $200,000 for operational costs of the new factory. According to the data provided for the lease vs. buy option, the lease option will preserve cash outflows of $12,339, (purchase cash outflows are $333,999 and lease cash outflows are $321,660). Therefore, the company should lease the manufacturing facility to preserve cash outflows. Leasing the facility will also allow CB to deduct annual interest payments (6% interest) from the gross earnings to lower their tax payments. This will increase the com panys net earnings at the end of the year, also resulting in higher retained earnings and increased shareholder value. coalition OR ACQUISITIONCB should consider many factors when deciding to merge or acquire Canadian Biking. Lets analyze the pros and cons between a merge vs. acquisition and determine what the best move would be for CB. First off, if the company were to merge with Canadian Biking, the potential EPS would increase by approximately .021. This shows potential for increased ownership earnings, but is it significant enough? At the same token, the equipment casualty/earnings ratio for Canadian Bikes at the end of Year 8 was 9 and CBs was 70. This shows that CBs current investors are expecting great earnings in Year 9 and are willing to pay $70 for $1 of current earnings. This is not the case with Canadian Bikings investors.Unfortunately a low P/E ratio of 9 indicates that investors are not expecting a significant growth in company earnings. This raises a concern if the merge will result in a potential increase of .021 in EPS. On the other hand, a merge would result in lower costs because CB would not be purchasing Canadian Biking outright. Canadian Biking also has a lower cost competition bike that can decrease production costs and complement CBs current bike model being offered. This will result ingreater net earnings and cash flows.If the company were to acquire Canadian Bikes, CB can expect a gradual increase in cash inflows over the next 5 years. However, the current offered sales terms for Canadian Biking is $286,000 this is 30% more than what the company was valued at, at the end of Year 8. Although CB has enough working capital to make the purchase, it would take 5 years of gradually increasing cash inflows to recoup the price tag of $286,000. This means it could take approximately 5 years, before shareholders saw a significant increase in earnings per share.Based on the pro and cons, CB should merge with Canadian Bikes to lower their prod uction and delivery costs, increase net income, EPS and cash flows, and preserve working capital. The price to acquire Canadian Biking is simply extravagant based on predicted cash inflows over the next 5 years. The merger will enhance CBs market position in Canada by having a local distributer to handle all customer orders and provide cost effective and great customer service to the growing Canadian market.ReferencesInvestopedia. (2012). Capital Structure. Retrieved from http//www.kotzinvaluation.com/articles/capital-structure.htm Investopedia. (2012). charge Average Cost of Capital. Retrieved from http//www.investopedia.com/terms/w/wacc.aspaxzz2Azkq4E2V Investopedia. (2012). Net Present Value. Retrieved from http//www.investopedia.com/terms/n/npv.aspaxzz2Azkq4E2 Pearson Education, Inc.. (2008). Horngren Accounting. Retrieved from http//wpscms.pearsoncmg.com/wps/media/objects/6716/6877765/hha08_flash_main.html?chapter=nullpage=1042anchory=nullpstart=nullpend=null Wenk, D. (2012). utilize an optimal capital structure in business valuation. Retrieved from http//www.kotzinvaluation.com/articles/capital-structure.htm

Acids and Alkalis Lab Report Essay Example for Free

Acids and Alkalis Lab Report EssayAn acid is a group of chemical substances. Acids argon positively charged ions, they are liquid and are solutions of pure compounds in water. If you want to know if something is an acid, you washstand test it by using litmus paper. Acids will procedure litmus paper red, whilst themes will knead it blue. Alkalis are negatively charged ions and are usually solid. AimTo find push through how much of dissimilar acids is needed to neutralize 25mls of sodium hydroxide solution (NaOH). HypothesisThe strongest alkali will need the smallest measuring stick of an acid to cancel out and the weakest will need more acid. Variables Control Independent Dependent The indicator, NaOH H2SO4 HClHNO3 The chemical reaction between the acids and alkali. Materials / Apparatus * H2SO4 * HCL * HNO3 * Alkali (NaOH) * Stand * Burette * Beaker * Funnel * Bunsen Burner * Crucible * Phenolphyalein method 1. Pour the 25 ml of NaOH into a beaker. 2. Drop three drops of phenolphyalein into the beaker. 3. The solution will now turn pink. . Through a funnel, pour the acid into the burette.Start dripping a few drops one by one into the beaker. 6. The solution will start getting a lighter shade of pink. 7. Stir the beaker around. 8. erst the solution turns clear, stop adding more acid. 9. Calculate the amount of acid used. 10. Take the solution and pour a bit of it into a crucible. 11. Light the Bunsen burner. 12. The salt solution will turn into salt crystals when it is heated. NaOH + HCl = NaCl + pee NaOH + HNO3 = NaNO3 NaOH + H2SO4 = Na2SO4 + 2H2O ObservationsAlkali Acid seawalls Observation NaOH HCL 1 Mole Took 4 ml to neutralize. No further investigate was made. NaOH HCL 0. 1 Mole Took 31 ml to neutralize. 2. 30 minutes until pink salt crystals were formed. NaOH HNO3 1 Mole Took 19. 2 ml to neutralize. 2 minutes until good white salt crystals were formed. NaOH H2SO4 2 Moles Took 1. 1 ml to neutralize. 2. 15 minutes until rings of white sal t were formed. Analysis The weakest acid (HCl 0. 1 Mole) needed the nigh alkali to be made into salt and the strongest (H2SO4 2 Moles) needed the least.Different experiments made different salts. remnant The strongest acid will work faster and you will need less. This is because it is a lot more unstable than the weaker acids and it will want to react much faster with the alkali. Evaluation In my group, Zuzanna and I were the ones doing the experiment plot everyone else observed and took notes on what happened. The first time, we dropped one too many drops of H2SO4 in the alkali so the alkali quickly turned pink again.We had to try it six times before we could get it right because we unplowed putting too much in or we would forget how much we put in. But after(prenominal) a few tries we finally got it to work and we got the correct solution. Therefore we could finally go on to the following(a) step and heat up the solution. It took our salt around 2 minutes and 15 seconds to heat up, meld and leave us with small rings of white salt crystals. Our salt crystals did not turn out as the best, but they were successful.

A Case for Kenya Essay Example for Free

A Case for Kenya EssayForeword afterward two and a half years of studying, I was given the opportunity to do a search run across as part of my graduation. Since I wanted to go abroad for a longer time, I tried to look for internships in countries outside the Netherlands. In my second year, I did an internship at fall Your World. Move Your World aims to create awareness on (business) development issues among young Dutch citizens by organising workshops, seminars and competitions. Working with this publication for five months made me realise I wanted to find an internship in a developing country, think on business topics. After the internship, Move Your World offered me a meditate as a project assistant. The job description said I had to work with international development matters and I had to host the vacuum platform on the website. This meant that most vacancies regarding international development would end up in my inbox. I took the job and one of my main goals was to fi nd a suitable internship abroad, regarding some sort of business topic.See more(prenominal) Beowulf essay essayLuckily, in October 2010, Stichting AfriCultures vacancy dropped in my inbox. There were two main aspects that triggered my attention. commencement ceremony of all, it was in a developing country, Kenya. Secondly, I had to construct a business plan for an organisation. It suited dead to my wishes. I applied and I was selected to go to Kenya, together with two other Dutch business students. For the departed three months I conducted a research for Mizizi Foundation, an organisation that tries to create awareness on Corporate well-disposed Responsibility and Sustainable Entrepreneurship among Kenyans.The problem I dealt with was finding a way to summarize Mizizi Foundation. Working with an organisational restart issue was very(prenominal) interesting to me, since I may like to set up an organisation myself in the future. Furthermore, I learned a lot about Corporate Soci al Responsibility. I now see that implementing a Corporate Social Responsibility-policy is a must for all organisations in the world.I would like to convey Anoek Vriesema, director of Stichting AfriCulture, for selecting me to go to Kenya and for having faith in my capabilities. In addition, I would like to give thanks Mr. Van Nispen, my supervisor, for his constructive advise on my thesis, and Froukje Joosten, my mother, who is a researcher, for her time-less patience in going through my work.Special thanks go out to three persons in particular. First of all, to my two dear colleagues Marleen and Ester, with whom I have been living and running(a) for the past three months. We managed to combine a lot of fun with serious work, which resulted in a very good business plan and friendship for life. Last but not least, I would like to thank George Muni, chair of Mizizi Foundation, for his professional attitude and his joy, and for giving me the possibility to integrate in the Kenyan way of life. Muni was sacred to continue with Mizizi. As Muni called it, Mizizi is a phoenix about to rise from the ashes. Mizizi is the Kiswahili word for roots.

Benefits of Reading Essay Example for Free

Benefits of meter reading EssayReading maketh a man. Today, we enjoy such a wide array of reading material ranging from books, magazines, newspapers, comics and the latest e-books. However, we however do not make it a habit to read. This fact faeces be consolidated by a recent survey that has singled out that a majority of citizens hardly read. What a shame Obviously, we do not realize the importance of reading. In this era of modernization, in order to start a happy person or a conk-notch student, we should enrich ourselves with adequate companionship and perspective. Instead, citizens in developed countries like Russia, China, Japan, Korea and Australia ar enriching themselves with knowledge and information. Thus, it is high time that we make it a point to read. First and foremost, reading is the perfect program for us to improve our knowledge. It is undisputable that, nowadays, the bookstores be flooded with various kinds of reading materials dealing with different subjects. By reading numerous genres of books, we atomic number 18 able to broaden our minds.For example, we can always flip through magazines or books to acquire knowledge and information on particular fields. Magazines like National Geographic, Popular Science, Discovery, Chips , Time and subscribers Digest provide a colossal of information about science and the latest technologies. Those who argon interested in technology will stand a golden opportunity to have a deep understanding on technology and thus helping them to get a promising hypothesize in the future. Aside from this, reading helps us to keep abreast with the latest developments in the world. One can know about the news or headlines of the world by provided skimming through newspapers or surfing the Internet. People who are informative and knowledgeable are not considered as a capture under a coconut shell. Hence, it is true that reading enable us to widen our knowledge besides of keeping us oblivious of the late st developments in the world. In other words, reading is the window of the world.Furthermore, reading stands us a good stead in improving our command of languages. It has be cope an irrefutable fact that most of the people around the globe are not highly practiced in English which is an international language. This is because they tend to stick to their mother tongue. Sadly, they do not realize the importance of English. In order to master the language, we should cultivate the habit of reading. By reading we are introduced to a molar concentration and one words that are seldom applied in speaking but may come in handy when comes to writing. Persons who hardly read will not be able to do surface in his essay writing as he fails to acquire the essential writing skills. On top of that, he also fails to learn some useful words that are a necessity in writing a good essay. Thus, it can be said that reading increases ones verbiage as well as polishing up ones writing skills. In addit ion, by reading we are able to be fluent in foreign languages like Japanese, Spanish, Italian, Mandarin, French and Arabic, just to name a few. Therefore, we will have the ability to converse with the citizens of other countries.Nevertheless, reading provides relaxation and cheer. It is an omnipresent phenomenon that thousands of people in the world are deriving entertainment from reading. This is because reading is the best form of entertainment and relaxation after enduring their mind-boggling work. Reading helps them to vanquish their daily stress and soothe their pressured minds. uncalled-for to say, we do not have to burn a hole in our pockets when we are craving for entertainment. hostile DVDs or television programs, books are the cheapest source of entertainment which only cost us up to a few dollars, perhaps the most exorbitant books will only cost up to the maximum of 50 dollars which is within the budget of a layman. On the other hand, we should not overlook the advant age of reading which is associated with unleashing our seminal powers.By reading thrilling story books like The Lost Symbol, Angels and Demons, Da Vinci Code, Digital Fortress which are written by a prominent author, Dan Brown will definitely keep us sentiment about the plots. When we are thinking about the plots, question marks will be popped up in the frame of our minds. Subsequently, we will have to imagine the consequences or the next scenes of the story. All these require creativity, unlike watch movies or videos, where there is little left to the imagination. This is because the scenes are already portrayed using images or pictures. It is a huge fallacy to say that watching movies is far better than reading books to unleash ones creativity.In a nutshell, it would cost us a fortune if we do not make an crusade to read. If we take a close look at people who often read, they are generally creative, it is live that every citizen in the world picks up the habit of reading. The government should play a pivotal theatrical role in promoting the habit of reading. Several awareness campaigns should be held in arm to raise the awareness of the nations on the importance of reading besides boosting the interest of the public in reading. Most importantly, parents should encourage their children to read when they are still young.